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Background: Different from single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), repetitive TMS (rTMS) is able to change and modulate cortical activity beyond the stimulation period. This after-effect renders rTMS therapeutic efficacy on

Microglial activation contributes to neurological disorders like Parkinson’s disease (PD), and modulating this activation is a potential therapeutic approach. The neuron-restrictive silencer factor (NRSF) functions as a negative regulator of

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by divergent clinical symptoms and prognosis, suggesting the presence of distinct subtypes. Identifying these subtypes is crucial for understanding the underlying pathophysiology, predicting disease progression,

The electrophysiological technique of auditory steady state responses (ASSR) makes possible objective hearing threshold definition, with frequency specificity. A high level of reliability is a basic requirement for applying this

Although phytochemicals are plant-derived toxins that are primarily produced by plants as a form of defense against insects or microbes, several lines of studies have demonstrated that phytochemicals (e.g., polyphenols,

Myopathies present a wide range of clinical symptoms that affect the skeletal muscles, including weakness, fatigue, and pain. While acquired myopathies receive significant attention due to the availability of treatment

An intracerebroventricular injection of streptozotocin (ICV-STZ) is used to simulate sporadic alzheimer’s disease (sAD) in rats. Rats exhibit depression-like behaviors at the beginning of this model. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), a

Background: Among the frequently reported symptoms in long-term COVID-19 syndrome, we can highlight olfactory disorders depression, anxiety, and fatigue. OD can affect people's physical and mental health and can lead

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), known as one of the most common cause of dementia, could lead to memory loss, difficulty with thinking and behavioral changes. To date, AD has been continuously

Objective: To compare the performance of popular machine learning algorithms (ML) in mapping the sensorimotor cortex (SM) and identifying the anterior lip of the central sulcus (CS). Methods: We evaluated

Background: Anxiety is a common, universal disease caused by psychological and environmental factors. There are medications available to treat anxiety disorders, but are accompanied by problems such as addiction and

The causes of the alterations found in the brains of patients with alzheimer's disease (AD) begin before the first signs of memory loss appear, and are still unclear. Adequate research

‘In vivo’ studies pertaining to dynamics of vocal fold vibration motion, to vocal fold contact and collision, to vocal onset and offset and to mechanical efficiency all need valid, sensitive

Serine-129 phosphorylated α-synuclein (p-α-syn), accounting for nearly 90% of α-synuclein (α-syn) found in Lewy bodies (LBs), is linked to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). The molecular targets for the

Objective: Interoception is the sense of the physiological condition of the body; it results from the integration of somatic information, including pain, with visceral information. The aim of the study

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in metabolic deficits and functionally compromised tissue. The BDNF mimetic R13 has a significant positive effect on both tissue metabolism and behavioral outcome after TBI,

Breathing is a natural process that we cannot do without and is also a daily action that sensitively and intensely changes under various situations. What if this essential act of

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) involves dysregulation of stress modulators, particularly corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) and glucocorticoid receptor. Endocannabinoid )ECB( signaling usually serves to inhibit the stress response and has been suggested

A-kinase anchoring protein 79/150 (AKAP79/150) is an important scaffolding protein, which anchors various important proteins to locate in appropriate synaptic domains to regulate excitatory synaptic intensity. With sweeping advances in

Background: There is controversy regarding the need to use advanced imaging to select candidates for thrombectomy in late window acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Hypoattenuation on CT angiography source images (CTA-SI)